Self-Determination and Choice: Empowering Adults with I/DD to Direct Their Own Lives

Published/updated March 23, 2026

Every day, we make countless choices that shape our lives, what to eat for breakfast, how to spend our free time, where to work, who to spend time with. These seemingly small decisions contribute to our sense of autonomy, dignity, and wellbeing. For adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD), having the power to make these same choices is equally essential, yet often overlooked. 

 

Understanding Self-Determination  

Self-determination is the right and ability to make decisions about one’s own life. For adults with I/DD, this means having meaningful control over daily routines, personal goals, living situations, relationships, and life paths. It’s about being the author of your own story rather than having others write it for you. 

 

Research consistently shows that self-determination directly impacts quality of life and mental health outcomes. When individuals have opportunities to make choices and pursue personal goals, they experience greater life satisfaction, improved self-esteem, and better emotional wellbeing. Conversely, lack of control over one’s life can lead to feelings of helplessness, frustration, and depression – challenges which adults with I/DD already face at higher rates than the general population. 

 

The Power of Everyday Choices  

Self-determination isn’t just about major life decisions; it lives in the everyday moments: 

  • Daily routines: Choosing when to wake up, what to wear, and how to structure your day 
  • Meals and nutrition: Selecting preferred foods, participating in meal planning and preparation 
  • Activities and hobbies: Pursuing interests, joining community groups, or trying new experiences 
  • Social connections: Deciding who to spend time with and how to maintain relationships
  • Work and volunteering: Choosing where and how to contribute to the community 
  • Personal spaces: Decorating one’s room or home to reflect individual taste and personality 
  • Healthcare decisions: Participating in conversations about treatment options and wellness goals 

 

Person-Centered Planning at Trudeau 

At the Trudeau Center, self-determination is woven into every program through person-centered planning and goal-setting. This approach places each individual at the center of their support team, ensuring their preferences, dreams, and goals drive all decisions. 

 

“Person-centered planning means we start by listening,” explains Silvia Borges, Director of Adult Services. “We ask what matters most to each person, what brings them joy, what their goals are, and then we build supports around those answers. Our role is to facilitate and support, not to direct or decide for someone.” 

 

This philosophy extends across Trudeau’s Adult Services programs. In residential settings, individuals choose their daily schedules, meal preferences, and how to personalize their living spaces. Through Employment Concepts, adults explore career interests and find meaningful work that aligns with their goals. The Adult Day Program offers diverse activities, with participants selecting options that match their interests rather than following a one-size-fits-all schedule. 

 

Supporting, Not Directing 

Trudeau staff members receive ongoing training in supporting self-determination. Their role is to present options, provide information, and ensure individuals have the resources to make informed choices—not to make decisions on someone’s behalf. 

 

“It’s about understanding the difference between ‘What do you want for dinner?’ and ‘We’re having chicken for dinner,'” says Borges. “Sometimes supporting choice means offering assistance in weighing options or thinking through consequences, but the final decision always belongs to the individual.” 

 

Your Rights, Your Voice  

Adults with I/DD have legal rights to self-determination under the Americans with Disabilities Act and similar legislation. Resources for learning more about these rights include: 

  • The Arc: Information on self-advocacy and rights (thearc.org) 
  • National Core Indicators: Research on person-centered practices 
  • Rhode Island Developmental Disabilities Council: State-specific advocacy resources 

Creating Bright Futures Through Choice 

At Trudeau, we believe that everyone deserves the opportunity to direct their own life and pursue their dreams. Our person-centered approach ensures adults with I/DD have the support they need to make meaningful choices every day. 

 

Learn more about how Trudeau’s Adult Services support self-determination and independence. Visit www.trudeaucenter.org/adult-services or call (401) 739-2700. 

 

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For 60 years, the Trudeau Center has been creating bright futures for individuals with developmental disabilities. Our Pathways Strategic Teaching Center provides evidence-based education and treatment for children with autism spectrum disorder, empowering them to reach their full potential. 

AI may have been used in the initial drafting and research of this article. The information provided is for educational purposes only and is not intended to be, nor should it be interpreted as, medical, therapeutic, or individualized service advice. Every person’s needs and circumstances are unique. For information about services specific to you or your loved one, please contact the Trudeau Center.